X-Laravel/Embedding — MariaDB Plugin

MariaDB 11.7 native vector driver for x-laravel/embedding.

How It Works

• Implements SimilarityDriver — registers as the mariadb driver, similarity search runs entirely in MariaDB using VEC_Distance_Cosine
• Implements VectorStore — writes embeddings via INSERT ... ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE with Vec_FromText(), reads via a VEC_ToText global scope

Requirements

• PHP ^8.3
• Laravel ^12.0 | ^13.0
• x-laravel/embedding ^1.0
• MariaDB 11.7+

Installation

composer require x-laravel/embedding-mariadb-plugin

The MariadbEmbeddingServiceProvider is auto-discovered and registers the mariadb driver automatically.

Setup

1. Configure x-laravel/embedding

Publish the config if you haven't already:

php artisan vendor:publish --tag=embedding-config

Set the similarity driver and database connection in config/embedding.php:

'database' => [
    'connection' => env('EMBEDDINGS_DATABASE_CONNECTION', env('DB_CONNECTION', 'mariadb')),
    'table'      => env('EMBEDDINGS_DB_TABLE', 'embeddings'),
],

'similarity' => [
    'driver' => env('EMBEDDING_SIMILARITY_DRIVER', 'auto'),
],

2. Create the embeddings table

This plugin ships its own MariaDB-native migration that replaces the default one from x-laravel/embedding. It creates a BLOB column for vector storage.

Run the migration:

php artisan migrate

If you need to customise the DDL, publish the migration first:

php artisan vendor:publish --tag=embedding-mariadb-migrations
php artisan migrate

Note: VEC_Distance_Cosine requires MariaDB 11.7+. For production, add a VECTOR INDEX on the vector column after publishing the migration.

3. Model

Follow the standard x-laravel/embedding setup. No MariaDB-specific changes are needed on your models.

use XLaravel\Embedding\Attributes\EmbedOn;
use XLaravel\Embedding\Concerns\Embeddable;
use XLaravel\Embedding\Contracts\HasEmbeddings;

#[EmbedOn(['title', 'body'])]
class Post extends Model implements HasEmbeddings
{
    use Embeddable;

    public function toEmbeddingText(): string
    {
        return $this->title.' '.$this->body;
    }
}

Usage

The driver is transparent — use the standard x-laravel/embedding API:

Post::similarToText('web framework', limit: 10);
Post::similarTo($vector, limit: 10, threshold: 0.8);
Post::rankByRelevance($posts, 'web framework');

$post->mostSimilar(limit: 5);
$post->similarityTo($otherPost);

All methods set a similarity_score float attribute on each returned model.

Testing

# Build first (once per PHP version)
DOCKER_BUILDKIT=0 docker compose --profile php83 build

# Run tests
docker compose --profile php83 up
docker compose --profile php84 up
docker compose --profile php85 up

License

This package is open-sourced software licensed under the MIT license.